Shakespeare's Globe Theatre, London. Information about London

The Globe Theatre was originally the company theatre owned by the famous English playwright, poet and actor William Shakespeare. Officially opened in 1599, it had a capacity of over 3,000 people. Shakespeare performed many of his famous plays here and it became one of the most successful theatres in London.

After 14 years of operation, in 1613, as a result of a failure of one of the prop cannons during a performance of Henry VIII, a spark set fire to the wooden and thatched roof of the theatre, leaving it reduced to rubble. The theatre was rebuilt a year later. Bad luck once again befell this historic theatre. The Puritans, who did not believe in entertainment, closed it down in 1642 and demolished it two years later to build houses.

In 1989, excavation work unearthed the remains of this historic performance centre and years later, the renowned American actor and director Sam Wanamaker decided to fund and promote a recreation of the old theatre.

The current theatre
The current theatre is located on Bankside, just under 200 metres from the old one. It is built to Elizabethan plans. It retains the original structure, with a large circular open-air courtyard with three rows of seats around the ground floor and boxes on the two upper floors. It is the only building in London with thatched roofs since they were banned after the Great Fire of 1666.

Shakespeare's Globe Theatre is only open during the summer months for performances, from late April to October.

Guided tours are available all year round, but the only drawback is that the guides only speak English, which can be a bit boring for those who are not very familiar with the language. If you're an acting enthusiast, don't miss a performance of a play in this historic theatre that will take you back to Shakespeare's time.

Location: 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, Reino Unido - +44 20 7902 1400

Underground: Stops at Mansion House and London Bridge stations.

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Westminster Cathedral, London. Information about London

Westminster Cathedral is the house of worship of the Archdiocese of Westminster and the most important Catholic church in England and Wales. Many confuse the cathedral with Westminster Abbey, although the latter belongs to the Anglican Church.

History

The area on which this great cathedral stands was once a former prison site, the property of which was acquired in 1884 by the Catholic Church. Eleven years later, in 1895, the foundation stone was laid for what was to be the main church of the Catholic Church in Britain.

The architect responsible for the design of this neo-Byzantine church was John Francis Bentley, who travelled around the Mediterranean gathering ideas from different churches.

The different appearance of this cathedral is a far cry from what we are used to seeing. This is because the cardinal did not want the cathedral to resemble the nearby Westminster Abbey.

The façade is made of red brick and Portland stone. The most striking feature is the 83-metre high St Edward's Belfry.

The interior features over a hundred different types of marble, which make up the decoration and the spectacular carved columns. The eleven chapels and the vaults of the sanctuary are covered with beautiful Byzantine mosaics.

The Cathedral Choir is internationally known as one of the best in the world and is an extra attraction to visit this temple, where concerts are regularly held to the sound of its fantastic grand organ.

Location: Victoria St, London SW1P 1LT, Reino Unido

Underground: Victoria Station.

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The Monument, London. Information about London

The Monument to the Great Fire of London, better known as The Monument, is a 61-metre high column that commemorates the victims who died during the Great Fire of London in 1666. It is very close to London Bridge and 61 metres from where the fire started.

History

The Fire of London took place on 2 September 1666. The fire started in a small bakery in Pudding Lane and was not extinguished until 3 days after it broke out. This catastrophe almost completely destroyed the city, saving only a few stone buildings. In 1671, plans were made to build a monument to commemorate the tragic day. They finally decided on a Doric column, which was commissioned to the architect Christopher Wren, who finished the construction in 1677.

The column

The column is made of Portland stone and measures 61 metres, which is the exact distance from the baker's house where the fateful fire started. At the top of the column is a huge flaming urn containing the ashes of the fire.

At the base of the monument are bas-reliefs and inscriptions in Latin depicting scenes that took place in the days following the fire, such as the decisions made by Charles II and the history of the construction of the monument. One of the sides explains in detail the events that took place on the day of the fire.

Inside the hollow column is a narrow spiral staircase with 345 steps leading to a terrace below the urn. This terrace is open to the public and offers impressive views of Tower Bridge and the city's financial district.

Location: Fish St Hill, London EC3R 8AH, Reino Unido - +44 20 7403 3761

Underground: Stops at Monument, Mansion House or Tower Hill stations.

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HMS Belfast, London. Information about London

HMS Belfast is a warship anchored in the River Thames between London Bridge and Tower Bridge. She was a landmark of Britain's naval heritage and has been proudly displayed in London since 1971.

History

This imposing warship was built at the Harland and Wolf shipyard in Belfast and was launched on St Patrick's Day 1638. It was not until 1639 that the ship entered the service of the British Royal Navy.

Her beginnings were somewhat chequered, as shortly after entering service a magnetic mine laid by a German submarine caused her serious damage which took almost three years to repair. After this incident she served with great efficiency during the Second World War, participated in the Normandy Landings and took part in the Korean War in the early 1950s.

After the Korean War its role was limited to humanitarian relief work until 1963; two years later it was decommissioned. In 1971 the ship was opened to the public as a tourist attraction and in 1978 it became an important part of the Imperial War Museum.

The Ship

Today HMS Belfast is part of the Imperial War Museum in London. The ship's deck is accessible via a walkway that connects it to the pedestrian walkway on the south bank of the Thames. War history buffs will have the opportunity to learn about the daily life of the sailors on the battleship, the different parts of the ship and the combat system of this legendary warship in three large sections. Here are the three sections of the museum:

Life on board the ship: this section focuses on the life of the sailors and the different departments of the ship. It recreates and represents with mannequins the different daily aspects of the crew and also simulates quite realistically the facilities such as the galleys, the infirmary, the chapel, the cabins and the decks.

The inner workings: This section shows the technical aspects of the ship, such as the mechanical, electronic and communication elements. The tour includes a visit to the engine and boiler room, the communications centre and the command centre.

Another section of the museum is the Action Centre, which takes us on a tour of the upper deck and the armament and protection system and the fire-fighting system.

Location: The Queen's Walk, London SE1 2JH, Reino Unido - +44 20 7940 6300

Underground: Stops at London Bridge and Tower Hill stations.

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Natural history museum, London. Information about London

The Natural History Museum in London is one of the most important museums in the world. It immerses the visitor in the depths of nature and human and animal evolution from prehistoric times to the present day.

Originally this museum was part of the British Museum, but the constant arrival of fossils, minerals, skeletons and other objects made it necessary to construct a new building to house all these collections. Although all the objects relating to nature were already housed in this new building constructed in 1873, it was not until 1963 that the Natural History Museum officially became independent of the British Museum.

The museum consists of a large central hall where the skeleton of a diplodocus is majestically displayed, which contrasts perfectly with the classical interior decoration. Around this large hall the museum is divided into five sections: palaeontology, entomology, botany, mineralogy and zoology.

The department that most appeals to visitors, especially the younger ones, is the palaeontology department, with several rooms filled with fossils, dinosaur bones and life-size replicas of these prehistoric reptiles. Visitors are also amazed by the large mammal exhibit with stuffed animals such as elephants and giraffes, and a magnificent replica of the skeleton of a blue whale.

Like the British Museum, admission is free. If you are travelling with children, it is a great opportunity for them to have fun in a very educational way.

Location: Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD.

Underground: Stops at South Kensington station.

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Science Museum, London. Information about London

The London Science Museum was founded in 1857 to bring together in one place the surplus from the Great Exhibition of London in 1851 and the collection of the Royal Society of Art.

From then on it became part of the South Kensington Museum along with the present-day Victoria and Albert Museum. In 1858 the museum became independent and was renamed the Patent Museum. In 1893 it adopted its present name and in 1928 the museum moved to South Kensington. It now houses more than 300,000 objects related to technology, science and industry.

This museum, together with the Natural History Museum, is a very interesting visit, especially if you are travelling with children. This museum, which belongs to the National Museum of Science and Industry, offers visitors the chance to discover, in a tour of its 40 rooms spread over 7 floors, the workings of some of the machines that changed the course of history, as well as technological advances in the fields of aeronautics, space travel, telecommunications, medicine, mathematics, geography, agriculture, etc.

The museum's star pieces are Boulton and Watt's first steam locomotive, Charles Babbage's calculator and the Apollo X command module.

Admission to the Science Museum is free except for a few extras such as the virtual reality simulators and the IMAX cinema.

Location: Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, London SW7 2DD, Reino Unido - +44 330 058 0058

Underground: Stops at South Kensington station.

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What are the early signs of dementia?

Dementia: recognising the early signs

While the majority of people with dementia are over 65 years of age, in very rare cases it can be seen in younger individuals. How can we identify the first signs of dementia? How can we support people suffering from this syndrome? Here are some answers.

What is dementia?

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), dementia "is one of the leading causes of disability and dependence among older people worldwide". It may also be referred to as senile dementia.

It is a syndrome that is most often progressive and degrades the cognitive function of the person. Although this pathology almost exclusively affects the elderly, "it is not a normal part of ageing", says the WHO.

The symptoms of dementia

Symptoms can vary from one individual to another. While the first signs may go unnoticed by those around them, they intensify over time until they usually lead to a total loss of independence. Several stages of dementia can be identified.

The first signs

• Memory loss.
• Disorientation, even in familiar places.
• Loss of sense of time.

The second stage of the disease

• Severe memory loss: difficulty remembering people's names or recent events.
• Difficulty performing everyday tasks such as eating, washing or going to the toilet.
• Problems in using language.
• Severe disorientation.

Late stage dementia

• Total loss of independence.
• Personality changes and aggression.
• Difficulty moving around.
• Loss of sense of time and place.
• Inability to remember loved ones and past events.

In advanced stages of the disease, the person may "have difficulty swallowing food without choking. These problems increase the risk of malnutrition, pneumonia (often due to inhalation of secretions or particles through the mouth) and bedsores (because they cannot move).

The different forms of dementia

Degenerative dementias represent the vast majority of cases of neurological diseases leading to an alteration in cognitive abilities. Examples include :

• Dementia with Lewy bodies: this causes hallucinations, motor disorders, mood and behavioural disorders, among other things;
• Frontotemporal dementia: is characterised by several symptoms such as personality changes, physical neglect, inappropriate behaviour and disinterest in loved ones. Amnesia occurs in a second stage of the disease;
• Alzheimer's disease: the most common. It is manifested by memory loss, disorientation, behavioural changes, and difficulties in speaking and writing.

Some dementias are not degenerative, i.e. they do not result from a degeneration of neurons like vascular dementia. It most often affects people with vascular comorbidities. It is the result of strokes.

The causes of dementia

Dementia is caused by different types of diseases affecting the brain. The best known is Alzheimer's disease.

Stroke is also a risk factor in the development of dementia.

Can dementia be cured?

At present, there is no real treatment to cure dementia or to slow down its progression. Early diagnosis of the disease and the introduction of a treatment will nevertheless make it possible to accompany and relieve the patients on a daily basis.

On its website, the WHO states that the risk of dementia can be reduced by :

• exercising regularly
• not smoking
• avoiding harmful use of alcohol
• controlling your weight
• eating a healthy diet
• maintaining healthy levels of blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar.

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